For questions 13-24, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). In the exam you write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on a separate answer sheet.

Tip Strip   · Read the text for general understanding. · Most of the gaps can be filled by grammatical words, not topic vocabulary, · Decide which type of word each gap needs, e.g. preposition, relative pronoun, conjunction, verb, adverb,etc. · Look out for fixed expressions, dependent prepositions after certain words, and linking words and phrases. · The word you choose must make sense in the context of the text as a whole. So when you've finished the task, read through and check that the text makes complete sense with your answers in place. Question 14: Which relative pronoun is needed here? Question 17: Which linking word is needed here? Question 22: Which is the correct preposition to complete the expression? Question 23: A verb form is needed to complete the passive form. Which tense will it be in?

(0) w i t h               13                       14                       15                       30                       17                       18                       19                       20                       21                       22                       23                       24

 

 

Penguins on the move

For years, the penguins at San Francisco Zoo were happy (0) ______ their lives. They used to go for the occasional swim during the summer, but spent the winter resting in their burrows - only coming (13)  ______ at mealtimes when fish was provided for them.

Then one day, six new penguins, (14)  ______ had been entertaining thevisitors at a theme park in San Diego, arrived to share the pool. These new arrivals immediately dived in to show off their swimming skills. Ever (15)  ______ that moment the pool has been alive with fifty-two birds swimming around nonstop, (16)  ______ if they were going on a long journey.

'(17)  ______ I know a lot about penguins,' said one zookeeper, 'I don't know (18)  ______ to explain this. It's (19)  ______ watching fifty-two tuxedos going round in a washing machine!'

Scientists, (20)  ______ , think they may have the answer. Apparently, penguins are very social and inquisitive birds, and (21)  ______ new individuals join a group,they always create a lot of interest.

In the wild, penguins of this type typically swim thousands of miles each year (22)  ______ search of food, and it (23)  ______ thought that the behaviour of the newcomers may (24)  ______ reawakened the migratory instinct in the San Francisco birds. This has certainly made them firm favourites with visitors to the zoo.